How the English Defeated the Spanish Armada | 5 Minute Video
What was perhaps the most determinative date in American history? July 4, 1776? Pearl Harbor? September 11? How about…July 28, 1588. Richard McMillan, Professor of History at Pierce College, explains why that seemingly random date is so important.
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Script:
What is the most important date in American history?
July 4th, 1776 — the date of American independence?
Or April 12, 1861 – the first day of the Civil War that ended slavery in America?
Or maybe December 7, 1941, the day the Japanese Empire bombed Pearl Harbor, bringing America into World War II?
Or how about this one — July 28th, 1588.
Yes, 1588. That’s thirty years before Plymouth Rock, and almost twenty years before Jamestown, John Smith and Pocahontas.
So, why is it such an important date in American history?
First, a little background.
In 1588, the most powerful man in the world was the King of Spain, Phillip II. Flush with gold and silver from the New World, he had no rivals, save one: Queen Elizabeth of England.
England was a Protestant nation and Spain was Catholic, as was most of Europe. In addition to considering her a heretic, Phillip hated her for two additional reasons: first, she was financing a rebellion by the Dutch Protestants against Spain in the Spanish Netherlands, which Phillip controlled; and second, because she had executed her rebellious cousin, Mary Queen of Scots. Mary, like Phillip, was a Catholic monarch. Phillip felt that Mary, not Elizabeth, was the rightful heir to the English throne.
Phillip felt that with the execution of Mary Queen of Scots, Elizabeth had gone too far. The time had come, he decided, to discipline her and her heretic nation.
He came up with an audacious plan. He would invade England. To do this he needed a large army and lots of ships. He needed an Armada.
130 ships that would carry 30,000 men.
Phillip was very rich, but not that rich. To build such a fleet, he would have to borrow heavily. But this wasn’t much of an obstacle. Once he had conquered England, he could use the English treasury to pay off any debts. The Pope, wishing to see England return to the Catholic fold, promised additional financing.
So, the ships were built and the soldiers recruited. Most importantly, Phillip had chosen a competent man to lead them, the Marquis de Santa Cruz.
Santa Cruz asked for more time to prepare his ships and men, but Phillip was impatient. Far too impatient, as it turned out. In a massive stroke of misfortune (the first of many) Santa Cruz died just before the Armada was to set sail. Rather than take the time to seek a suitable replacement, Phillip pushed ahead and appointed Duke Medina Sidonia to take command. There was only one problem: Sidonia was an Army general. He had no naval experience; in fact, he had never been out to sea.
You can’t hide 130 ships and 30,000 men. The English knew the Spanish were coming and they were ready for them. What they lacked in fire power, they made up in maneuverability, familiarity with the treacherous English Channel, and the most capable and creative sea commanders of the age — Lord High Admiral Howard, Sir John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake. They knew they couldn’t win a shootout with the Spanish.
So instead, they launched a pre-emptive attack on the Spanish fleet while it was still docked in the French port of Calais. Setting a number of their own ships on fire, they sailed them into the port.
The Spanish cut their anchors to flee the flaming English ships, but, in their panic, they only made matters worse. The Spanish ships rammed into each other, tangling riggings, slicing sails and crushing hulls. The vessels that weren’t damaged were sitting ducks for the English cannon.
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Marquis De Santa Cruz is the new jolly old man
English counter amada total defeat. After three times Drake come back to England defeated
Spain just defeated England right after in the counter armada. What a ** media creator are you
As a Catholic, I see this as an absolute tragedy.
A lot of the stuff you said isn’t true, first the most powerful country at the time was the ottoman empire and not the Spanish empire, the ottomans even had a larger navy, also to say that Spain was Finnish as a great power is just plain wrong, Spain had a massive empire in south and Central America, of course it was being over taken and was over taken by France in the early 1640s and by Britain in the early 1730s, Spain would only be finished as a great power in the 1800s
This video is full of 💩
Why wouldn’t the Declaration of Independence just have been written in Spanish? Hating a king and creating democracy doesn’t care if it’s Spain or England.
“Spain never challenged England again”
We did not need to, we kept being the world’s leading power until the 18th century.
"Spain never challenged anyone again" 😂 😂 English propaganda. instead of real history.
The Spaniards treated you as Americans, but you behave towards them as the English do. What a bunch of lies.
I thought you would say that the most important day is the day Spain financed your war of independence. By the way, an unsettled and poorly repaid debt.
Wow, it seems that the Universal History ends with the Spanish Armada.
Don't you remember that the English sailors died of hunger and disease, in the middle of the street most of them because Elizabeth didn't pay them?
Don't you remember that the following year Elizabeth I attacked Spain with a fleet larger than the Spanish one? Don't you remember that more than 15,000 English sailors died from battles, hunger and disease? Don't you remember that between 40 and 50 ships were sunk or captured?
And much more…
Three hundred years of Spaniards from both hemispheres is no coincidence.
If you are going to continue with your WASP lies, please, wash your mouth before talking about the History of Spain.
It never happened, it was all political propaganda.
Smaller lighter and faster English ships. Spanish ships been from farther away needed to carry more supplies and cargoes. Pirate ships were also lighter and faster than the cargo ships they were attacking. Duhh !
Totally biased video. What about the pirates Drake and Hawkings who were focused on attacking and looting Spanish territories in Europe and America? What about the counter armada by the English which was a complete failure and with no bad weather conditions?
They beat them because they had steel ship, not that hard
I, for one, am very much sorry, that the Spanish didn't finish England once and for all.
God is a Protestant.
I'm glad Spain did not win against their battle against the English.
Spain was a humongous bag of dicks during the Age of Exploration. The conquering, torture, murder, enslavement, theft of gold, silver, and other precious resources and forced conversion to Catholicism for the Aztecs and Incans peoples.
Expelling the Jews and Muslims from Spain in 1492 by King Ferdinand of Aaragon and Queen Isabella of Castille, and the Spanish Inquistion that followed it where "heretics" were tortured into false confessions and burned at the stake at auto de fe's.
Spain's government were homicidal religious zealots and extremists. France was Catholic, Poland was Catholic, and they weren't doing a 1/16th of the crazy shit Spain was pulling.
Don't get me wrong- England had its issues, but Spain was batshit crazy back then.
I'm glad Phillip II lost to Queen Elizabeth I. Spain was a dick to the Netherlands, and deserved a K.O. by another country for the crap it was pulling.
This guy has invented everything, not a single one was right.
This video is a total fallacy of the truth, it doesn't hit a single one, all that counts is the Anglo-Saxon story, its version.
For british,two dates Contraarmada (1589) and Vernon defeat by Blas de Lezo,(1741)
In the next year,the spanish defeat british navy invaders in La Coruña.
Without going any further, Spain challenged England by helping the 13 colonies to become independent and form the United States, something that they probably would not have achieved without that help or would have done much later. Still in 1800 it was a great power and reached its maximum territorial extension. The decomposition of the Spanish Empire came after the invasion of Napoleon. But hey, today in Spain life is better in many ways than in England (I suppose that is why every summer we are invaded by drunk Englishmen). Be careful in a few decades you don't end up in the USA speaking Spanish… 😉
Little biased lol
War of Jenks ear not a challenge?
RICARDO MC MILLAN GET THE MEXICAN TERRITORIES BACK TO MEXICAN…THIEF
ricardo mcmillan..you are a tremendous SUBNORMAL E IGNORANT ANGLO INMIGRANT.